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Ludwig Emil Grimm, 'Portret van Heinrich Heine', 1827, etching, Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam (RP-P-1974-50), public domain · Etching of Heinrich Heine by Ludwig Emil Grimm, dated 9 November 1827, with two handwritten lines of Heine's verse signed 'H. Heine' under the plate; Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam (RP-P-1974-50, purchased with the support of the F.G. Waller-Fonds). The museum scan (3852 x 4402 pixels) was cropped to the plate and handwritten caption and downscaled once to 997 x 1200 pixels; nothing was upscaled. · Public domain (Rijksmuseum Public Domain Mark; 1827 etching by an artist who died in 1863)

poet · 19th Century

Heinrich Heine

1797–1856

Known For

literarycultural

Not yet included in personality matching — the documented evidence doesn't yet cover enough of the personality model. Everything else on this page is fully available.


Trait Constellation


Key Achievements

His Buch der Lieder (1827) ironized and urbanized the conventions of Romantic verse, and, as Jeffrey Sammons notes, poems from it went out into the world in thousands of musical settings.

His Reisebilder (1826-31) blended prose, verse, fictionalized autobiography and social comment into what the Larousse encyclopedia calls a new kind of genre, and made his name.

From Paris from 1831 he wrote on German literature, religion and philosophy for French readers and published the Romanzero (1851), whose lyrics the Poetry Foundation counts among the finest he wrote.


Moments That Reveal Them

After quarrelling with Ludwig Borne, a fellow German writer in Paris, he fought a duel with one of Borne's friends in September 1841 and, soon after Borne's death, published a satirical book about him; the publisher's chronology records that the title he rejected was nevertheless used.

This episode is consistent with a readiness to carry a literary quarrel into print and even into a duel, at a cost to his reputation. Conflict Tolerance

In 1835 the German states banned his writings, and in that same year the second volume of his Salon, containing his essay on the history of religion and philosophy in Germany, appeared; he kept publishing from Paris for the rest of his life.

This is consistent with continuing to publish under a ban rather than stopping. Persistence


Turning Points

In 1831, after failing to build a career in Hamburg, he moved to Paris, where he lived for the rest of his life, became a correspondent for the Augsburg Allgemeine Zeitung and wrote for French periodicals such as the Revue des Deux Mondes.

This is consistent with changing country and readership when a first career route had closed. Adaptability


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Opposite Profile

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Sources