

Arabinda Ghosh, photographic plate in Lajpat Rai, Young India, New York, B. W. Huebsch, 1916. Internet Archive, Library of Congress copy, public domain · Photographic plate captioned 'ARABINDA GHOSH' in Lajpat Rai, 'Young India: An Interpretation and a History of the Nationalist Movement from Within' (New York: B. W. Huebsch, 1916), from the Library of Congress copy digitised by the Internet Archive. The photographer and the date of the sitting are not named in the book. The file is a crop of the plate and its caption from the full-page scan (2154 x 3446), downscaled to 778 x 1200 with no upscaling. · Public domain (book first published in New York in 1916 with a 1916 copyright notice in the name of its publisher, so out of copyright in the United States by age)
philosopher · 20th Century
Sri Aurobindo
1872–1950
British Raj
Known For
Not yet included in personality matching — the documented evidence doesn't yet cover enough of the personality model. Everything else on this page is fully available.
Trait Constellation
Key Achievements
After leaving the nationalist movement in 1910 for Pondicherry, he developed Integral Yoga and, in the monthly Arya (1914-21), published The Life Divine, The Synthesis of Yoga, Essays on the Gita and other works setting out a philosophy of spiritual evolution; a reviewer of his biography counts over 4,600 pages in the journal.
A poet who wrote verse from his student days in England, he spent much of his adult life on the epic Savitri, reviewers describe it as running to more than 20,000 lines and finished shortly before his death, and he also wrote a study of poetry, The Future Poetry.
At Pondicherry a community of disciples gathered around him and grew into the Sri Aurobindo Ashram, whose organisation was taken over by the Mirra Alfassa known as the Mother; its supporters and its critics still dispute how his life should be told.
Moments That Reveal Them
In 1914, after four years of yoga at Pondicherry, he began the monthly Arya, which appeared without interruption for six and a half years and carried most of his major prose works as serials.
This is consistent with keeping to a regular writing schedule over several years. Discipline
Reviewers of his biography say he worked on the epic Savitri for much of his adult life and completed it only shortly before his death.
This is consistent with returning to one long work over decades, as the reviewers describe it. Persistence
Turning Points
In 1910 he withdrew from public life to Pondicherry in French India, where the Ashram says the work needed the exclusive concentration of all his energies, and from then on he devoted himself to yoga and writing.
This is consistent with narrowing his activity to a single, demanding line of work. Deep Focus
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Opposite Profile
Not a rival — a different profile shape worth a look.

Otto von Bismarck
Sources
- Aurobindo Ghosh (Q192207), verified live via the Wikidata API (2026-11-06): English label 'Aurobindo Ghosh', Korean label present, description 'Indian Bengali philosopher, yogi, maharishi, poet and nationalist (1872-1950)', born 15 August 1872, died 5 December 1950, image 'Sri aurobindo.jpg'. Orientation only; not used as support for any row.
- Sri Aurobindo Ashram Trust, 'Life Sketch' (excerpt from the Complete Works, vol. 30, pp. 1-6; read in full). CANONICAL SIGNIFICANCE SOURCE, with the reviews below: educated in England (St Paul's School, King's College Cambridge, first class in the classical tripos), passed the Indian Civil Service competition but was disqualified at the riding test, served the Maharaja of Baroda from 1893 as administrator, professor of English and vice-principal, learned Sanskrit and several Indian languages there, left the nationalist movement in 1910 for Pondicherry, where after four years of yoga he began the monthly Arya in 1914 in which The Life Divine, The Synthesis of Yoga, Essays on the Gita, The Isha Upanishad, The Secret of the Veda, The Human Cycle, The Foundations of Indian Culture, The Future Poetry and The Ideal of Human Unity appeared serially until 1921, and around whom a community of disciples grew into the Sri Aurobindo Ashram. DEVOTIONAL: published by the Ashram that carries on his work and written in the Ashram's own voice, so its characterisations are favourable and partly his own account; used for the dated facts and the list of works. The political chapter of the sketch is not used.
- Reviews of Peter Heehs, 'The Lives of Sri Aurobindo' (Columbia University Press, 2008), compiled with their original journal credits on the biographer's own website, 'Reviews of The Lives of Sri Aurobindo in English-language Publications' (read in full). Independent academic and press reviewers summarise the biography's account of his scholarship, his years of yoga and writing, the Arya, Savitri and the Ashram: Hanna H. Kim (Adelphi University), Ramakrishna Puligandla, W. Michael Ashcraft (Truman State University), Amiya P. Sen (Jamia Millia Islamia, The Book Review India), Antony Copley (University of Kent, Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society), Jayant Bapat (Monash University, South Asia), a Telegraph (Kolkata) reviewer and EnlightenNext magazine. Several reviewers criticise the biography or its subject (Copley on poetic style and self-neglect, Sen noting the biographer's own admission that he paid inadequate attention to social problems, the Telegraph reviewer asking what funded his early years at Pondicherry), while the book's critics from the Ashram are in the next entry. LIMITS: all the reviews rest on one biography, which itself draws heavily on the subject's papers and was written by a former Ashram archivist, and the compilation is selected by the biographer, so this is one underlying source seen through many readers, not many independent sources.
- Raman Reddy (Sri Aurobindo Ashram Archives), 'A review of The Lives of Sri Aurobindo by Peter Heehs' in the Ashram-community collection 'A Counter to Deliberate Distortions' (read in the opening review article). COUNTER-VOICE: a forty-year Ashram archivist who accepts that the biography is skilfully written and weaves historical data as no earlier biography had, but argues it is hostile to its subject, misrepresents his relationship with Mirra Alfassa (the Mother) and neglects the spiritual dimension. Openly partisan and about the biography rather than about his behaviour; used only to record the dispute over how he should be presented.
- Cambridge University, 'A Cambridge Alumni Database' (Venn), entry for Aravinda Acroyd Ghose (identifier GHS890AA; read in full). A university record of: scholar of King's College admitted 11 October 1890, matriculated 1890, classical tripos part I, first class, 1892, prizeman, admitted to the Indian Civil Service 1890, later service to the Maharajah of Baroda and professor of English and vice-principal of Baroda College, and a list of his published works. Documentary and independent of the Ashram, but it dates the Baroda service 1903-05 where other sources give 1893-1906, so no row depends on that date; its political lines are not used.
- Lajpat Rai, 'Young India: An Interpretation and a History of the Nationalist Movement from Within' (New York: B. W. Huebsch, 1916; Internet Archive item youngindiainterp01lajp, Library of Congress copy). Portrait source only: the book contains a full-page plate captioned 'ARABINDA GHOSH'; its text on him (a first-class education in England, first-class honours in the classics at Cambridge) matches the subject's schooling, and no row depends on the book's political narrative.